Any patient who wishes to conceive needs to undergo some basic tests to understand as to what could be the obvious cause of infertility and what is their potential to conceive. Some of the common tests are:

TVS – Transvaginal Ultrasonography

Sonography is the most important and basic of all infertility tests. Any doctor would want to do this to see the uterus, ovaries and the tubes. This basic test tells the doctor if the uterus is structurally normal, if the eggs are being produced normally and /or if there is any other problem in related structures. Sometimes the sonography needs to be repeated after medicines or on specific days of the period.

Semen Analysis

Male fertility investigation relies primarily on semen analysis. A good analysis is the single most important investigation of the male partner. It helps to either find the cause or rule out male causes of infertility. Semen analysis also helps to guide treatment depending on the degree of abnormality in the number and quality of sperms.

HSG – hysterosalpingography

For a female to conceive spontaneously or with medical treatment – it is essential that her tubes are normal. HSG is an X ray take of the uterus and tubes that tells the doctor if the tubes are open. It is generally done after periods

Hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopy is usually a procedure that allows the doctor to look inside the uterus in order to diagnose and properly treat the causes of abnormal bleeding. Hysteroscopy is generally done using a hysteroscope, a thin, lighted tube that is generally inserted into the vagina to examine the cervix clearly and inside of the uterus as well. Hysteroscopy can be either diagnostic or operative as well.
During this operative hysteroscopy, under general anesthesia, a small hysteroscope (a fiber optic telescope) is inserted through the cervix and advanced into the uterine cavity. This kind of process is quite easy and it can be performed without having least problems in an individual. Patients go home the same day as the procedure and can often return to work the next day.

Laproscopy

Laparoscopy, is a surgical, diagnostic procedure that is used to examine the organs that are inside the abdomen. It’s a low-risk, and minimally invasive procedure that requires smaller incisions. Laparoscopy generally uses an instrument called a laparoscope to get a look at the abdominal organs. A laparoscope usually is a long, thin tube that has a high-intensity light and a high-resolution camera at the front. The instrument is inserted through an incision in the abdominal wall to get a clear picture of the place and also deliver the right treatment. As it moves along, the camera sends images to a video monitor.Laparoscopy allows the doctor to see inside one’s body in real time, without open surgery. The doctor also can obtain biopsy samples during this procedure.

Biochemistry

In some cases, certain specific blood tests are required to understand a disease better. Once the treatment is planned then to the tests are ordered to ensure that the couple fits enough to carry a pregnancy.

In infertility cases laparoscopy is done to test the tubes, correct any tubal and uterine problem. It is both a method of diagnosis as well as treatment.